ERIC BERNE(1910 –1970)
An American psychiatrist best known as the creator of transactional analysis. He published both technical and mass-market books on the subject. Berne mapped interpersonal relationships to three ego-states of the individuals involved: the Parent, Adult, and Child state. He then investigated communications between individuals based on the current state of each. These interpersonal interactions he called transactions; certain patterns of transactions which popped up repeatedly in everyday life he called games. In the early 1960s he published both technical and popular accounts of his conclusions. The best-selling book Games People Play made terms like scripts and tokens part of the ordinary vocabulary. His Structures and Dynamics of Organizations and Groups in 1963 examined the same analysis in a broader context than one-on-one interaction. His seminar group from the 1950s developed the term Transactional Analysis (TA) to describe therapies based on his work. By 1964, this expanded into the International Transactional Analysis Association. While still largely rejected by the psychoanalytic community, many Psychological therapists have put his ideas in practice. Other applications have appeared in the practice of organization development consultants. By 2003 the various TA organizations boast over 15,000 world wide members.Berne was famous for his use of ordinary, easy-to-understand words instead of psychiatric terminology.

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